In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Asertion (A).
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
c. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
d. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
1. Assertion: Consumer industries produce goods for direct use by consumers.
Reason: Consumer industries are agro-based.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Consumer industries produce goods directly used by people, but all consumer industries are not agro-based.
2. Assertion: Industrial development cannot minimize environmental degradation.
Reason: Environmental degradation depends on the raw material used.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Industrial development often increases environmental problems, though the extent also depends on the type of raw materials used.
3. Assertion: Industries give a boost to the agricultural sector.
Reason: Competitiveness of manufacturing industry has helped in increasing production and also made production process efficient.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Industries provide modern equipment, fertilizers and processing facilities that improve agricultural productivity and efficiency.
4. Assertion: Textile industry occupies a unique position in Indian economy.
Reason: It contributes significantly to industrial production and employment generation directly.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
The textile industry provides large-scale employment and contributes greatly to India’s economy and exports.
5. Assertion: Aluminium is a universally accepted metal for a large number of industries.
Reason: Aluminium is flexible and a good conductor of heat and electricity.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Aluminium is lightweight, flexible and a good conductor, making it useful in many industries.
6. Assertion: Air pollution is caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gases.
Reason: Air pollution does not affect human health, animals, plants, buildings and the atmosphere as a whole.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Air pollution seriously affects human health, plants, animals and the environment.
7. Assertion: Chemical industries are lagging behind in India.
Reason: Only small scale industries are present and growth of this industry is very less comparatively.
Answer:
d. Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Chemical industries are among the fastest growing industries in India and include both small and large-scale units.
8. Assertion: Most of the jute mills of India are located in West Bengal.
Reason: Bus facility is available to export the manufactured goods.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Jute mills are concentrated in West Bengal because of proximity to jute-producing areas, water supply and port facilities, not bus facilities.
9. Assertion: Harvesting of rainwater reduces industrial pollution of fresh water.
Reason: Rainwater helps industry to meet water requirements.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Industries can use harvested rainwater, reducing dependence on freshwater resources and lowering pollution pressure.
10. Assertion: The economic strength of the country is measured by the development of manufacturing industries.
Reason: India’s prosperity lies in diversifying its manufacturing industries.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
A strong manufacturing sector increases employment, production and economic growth, leading to national prosperity.