In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Asertion (A).
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
c. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
d. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
1. Assertion (A): Traditionally Indian caste system is based on the principles of inclusion and equality.
Reason (R): The Constitution has prohibited caste based discrimination.
Answer:
d. Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Explanation:
The traditional caste system was based on hierarchy and exclusion, while the Constitution abolished caste discrimination.
2. Assertion (A): Men and women should be given equal rights.
Reason (R): Men are superior to women physically and emotionally.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Equality of rights is a democratic principle, and superiority of one gender over another is incorrect.
3. Assertion (A): Women face discrimination and disadvantage in India in many ways.
Reason (R): India is a patriarchal society.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Patriarchal values often give preference to men, leading to discrimination against women.
4. Assertion (A): Stereotypical gender roles for males and females help in avoiding conflicts.
Reason (R): India is a patriarchal society.
Answer:
d. Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Explanation:
Gender stereotypes promote inequality and discrimination instead of reducing conflicts.
5. Assertion (A): Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community.
Reason (R): A communal mind leads to a quest for political dominance of one’s own religious community.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Communalism promotes the belief that one religious community should dominate politically.
6. Assertion (A): A castiest is a person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community.
Reason (R): All castes are equal and man-made.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
A casteist believes caste is the main basis of identity, but equality of castes does not explain casteism.
7. Assertion (A): Sometimes a caste group becomes vote bank for a party.
Reason (R): Selecting the candidate from same caste helps in ensuring better governance.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Caste groups may support political parties collectively, but same-caste candidates do not guarantee better governance.
8. Assertion (A): India is a secular state.
Reason (R): Constitution gives freedom to everyone to profess, practise and propagate any religion without prejudices or any discrimination.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
The Indian Constitution guarantees religious freedom and equality to all citizens.
9. Assertion (A): Communalism is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community.
Reason (R): Caste should be kept away from politics.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
The reason talks about caste and politics, which is unrelated to the definition of communalism.
10. Assertion (A): Sex-selective abortion led to decline of sex ratio in India.
Reason (R): Desire for a male child makes Indian families abort girl children.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Preference for sons has led to female foeticide and decline in child sex ratio.
11. Assertion (A): Universal Adult Franchise gives right to vote to everyone.
Reason (R): Right to vote should be given to people of upper caste and class for taking wise decisions.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Universal Adult Franchise gives equal voting rights to all adults irrespective of caste or class.
12. Assertion (A): Equal Remuneration Act, 1976, provides that equal wages should be paid for equal work, irrespective of gender and caste.
Reason (R): Women are physically weak so they are rightfully paid less than men.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
The Equal Remuneration Act promotes equal pay, and discrimination in wages based on gender is unjustified.