In the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Asertion (A).
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
c. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
d. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
1. Assertion (A): Plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry.
Reason (R): Plantation is a type of commercial farming in which a single crop is grown on a large area.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Plantation farming combines agricultural production with industrial processing and marketing of crops grown on large estates.
2. Assertion (A): Biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production.
Reason (R): Doses of biochemical inputs are used to grow crops rapidly.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Chemical fertilizers and irrigation help crops grow faster and increase agricultural productivity.
3. Assertion (A): Crops are grown depending upon the variations in soil, climate and cultivation practices.
Reason (R): Crops are also grown according to availability of water.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Different crops require different climatic conditions, soil types and water availability.
4. Assertion (A): Intensive subsistence farming is practised in areas of high population.
Reason (R): High yielding variety seeds, modern chemical inputs and irrigation methods are used to increase the production in intensive farming.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
In densely populated areas, farmers use modern methods to increase production from limited land.
5. Assertion (A): Indian farmers should diversify their cropping pattern from cereals to high value crops.
Reason (R): This will increase income and reduce environmental degradation simultaneously.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Growing high-value crops can improve farmers’ income and reduce pressure on natural resources.
6. Assertion (A): Pulses are grown in rotation with other crops.
Reason (R): It helps in restoring soil fertility by fixing nitrogen from the air.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Pulse crops improve soil fertility because they fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil.
7. Assertion (A): Tea is an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British.
Reason (R): In 2015, India was the second largest producer of tea after China.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Tea was introduced by the British, but India’s production rank does not explain its introduction.
8. Assertion (A): The Government of India buys wheat and rice from farmers at a fair price.
Reason (R): The public sector contributes to economic development.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
The government purchases crops to support farmers and maintain food security, while the reason is too general.
9. Assertion (A): India’s primary activity is agriculture.
Reason (R): Two-thirds of its population is engaged in agricultural activities.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
A large section of India’s population depends on agriculture for livelihood.
10. Assertion (A): Agriculture is not an old economic activity.
Reason (R): Farming varies from subsistence to commercial type.
Answer:
d. Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.
Explanation:
Agriculture is one of the oldest economic activities, though farming types vary widely.
11. Assertion (A): The staple food crop in India is rice and requires less rain.
Reason (R): Our country is the fourth largest producer of rice in the world.
Answer:
d. Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.
Explanation:
Rice requires heavy rainfall and India is among the leading rice producers in the world.
12. Assertion (A): Pulses are not considered as a major source of protein in a vegetarian diet.
Reason (R): Rice is a rabi crop and requires lot of rain to grow.
Answer:
d. Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Pulses are a major source of protein for vegetarians, and rice is a kharif crop.
13. Assertion (A): Tea cultivation is a labour-intensive industry.
Reason (R): Cultivation can be done throughout the year. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Tea cultivation requires a large labour force mainly for plucking leaves and processing.
14. Assertion (A): Organic farming is much in vogue.
Reason (R): In organic farming, crops are grown using high doses to increase production.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Organic farming avoids chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
15. Assertion (A): Globalisation is not a new phenomenon.
Reason (R): It was there at the time of colonisation.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Global connections through trade and colonisation existed long before the modern era.
16. Assertion (A): India is believed to be the original home of the cotton plant.
Reason (R): Cotton, jute, hemp and natural silk are the four major fibre crops grown in India.
Answer:
b. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
India is one of the earliest regions where cotton was cultivated, but the reason only lists fibre crops.
17. Assertion (A): During the British period cotton belts of India attracted the British and ultimately silk was exported to Britain as a raw material for their textile industries.
Reason (R): Cotton textile industry in Manchester and Liverpool flourished due to the availability of good quality cotton from India.
Answer:
c. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
Explanation:
Cotton, not silk, was exported as raw material to British textile industries.
18. Assertion (A): Organic farming is much in vogue today because it is practised without factory made chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides.
Reason (R): Hence, it does not affect environment in a negative manner.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Organic farming is environmentally friendly because it avoids harmful chemicals.
19. Assertion (A): Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality.
Reason (R): The Asian variety initially brought from Yemen is produced in the country.
Answer:
a. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Explanation:
Coffee plants brought from Yemen adapted well to Indian conditions and became famous for quality.